These vital components are often derived from microorganisms. Indeed, microorganisms can produce various enzymes through fermentation processes, which can then be isolated and incorporated into feed formulations to improve digestibility and nutrient utilisation by animals.

Additionally, certain microorganisms themselves, or their by-products, can be directly used as feed additives to confer specific health or performance benefits to animals.

In Europe, these microorganisms can be genetically modified (then called GMM) if necessary. Regardless of their origin or modification status, all microorganisms must undergo a rigorous safety and efficacy evaluation process conducted by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

To do so, the applicants are required to compile a dossier substantiating the safety of their product and submit it to the EFSA.

Challenges of EFSA Safety Evaluation